难句1 They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children's programmes and films for an annual licence fee of £83 per household.
▲句子的主干结构是They are brought... for an annual license fee...,其中谓语部分使用了被动语态。实际结构是bring后接双宾语:bring sb. sth.,在这句话中,直接宾语很长,是一系列名词的罗列,前面的名词用逗号连接,最后两个并列成分用and连接。
△重点要注意they指代前面提到的listeners and viewers,这里使用了bring sb. sth.这一结构的被动式:sb. was brought sth.。介词for在这里相当于at the price of。另外news and current affairs中的and是连接news和current affairs的,而这个词组作为一个整体与其它的名词music,education等并列。
难句2 The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.
▲句子的结构是but连接了两个转折关系的句子。其中at least for the time being前后用逗号与句子其它部分分开,是插入语。前一句子的主干结构是The Corporation will survive as...,后一句子的主干结构是its role, its size and its programs are now the subject...。
△The Corporation指代前面提到的BBC=British Broadcast Corporation。另外注意as的用法,这里它用作介词,是“作为……”的意思。publicly-funded由公众提供资金的;nation-wide全国范围内的。
难句3 The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC — including ordinary listeners and viewers — to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.
▲这个句子的主干结构是:The debate was launched by the Government,使用了被动语态。后面which引导定语从句which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC...修饰government,定语从句中不定式to say后面是两个并列的宾语从句,一个由what引导,一个由whether引导,两部分用and连接,副词even表示进一步强调。另外两个破折号之间的部分属于插入成分,是用来进一步定义anyone的。anyone后面的with介词词组也是用来修饰anyone的。
△重点是要弄清楚后面定语从句,两个宾语从句,还有插入成分之间的层次关系。另外要注意be worth doing的用法,这一结构本身就可以表达被动含义,因而the Corporation was worth keeping就是“英国广播公司值得被保留”的意思。
难句4 The BBC "ain't broke", they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word "broke", meaning having no money), so why bother to change it?
▲这句话是so连接的两个因果关系的句子。they say是插入语。which引导定语从句修饰前面引号中的部分“ain't broke”。
△注意which指代的是前面引号中的部分;而且注意区别broke和broken在这里的不同意思。why do sth.这里是个反问句,是不太正式的用法。注意在此处,作者修正了前面美国俚语“ain't broke”中broke一词的用法错误,指出其应该被写为broken。
难句5 But it is the arrival of new satellite channels — funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers' subscriptions — which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.
▲首先这个句子使用了强调结构:it is... which,which指代前面的channels。破折号中间部分的插入成分相当于定语,(which are) funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers' subscriptions修饰channels。其中and连接两个partly by。
△注意bring about在句中的含义是“引起,导致,产生”。
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